What is condenser performance?

What is condenser performance?

Condenser Performance. For a given steam turbine system, the performance of the condenser is largely a factor of how efficiently heat can be transferred from the steam to the cooling water. The faster that heat can be transferred, the faster the turbine exhaust steam can be condensed into liquid water.

What are the effects of presence of air in the condenser on its performance?

The presence of air lowers the partial pressure of steam and therefore brings down the saturation temperature of steam, which leads to increasing evaporation enthalpy (latent heat), and therefore, more cooling water will be required in the condenser.

How does condenser improve performance of steam power plant?

Condensers increase the enthalpy drops and turbine work by lowering the turbine outlet pressure. The lower the pressure, the higher the efficiency and power are. As seen in equations 1 and 2, to maximize the thermal efficiency and power, the enthalpy drop in the turbine must be increased.

What are the effects of air leakage in condenser?

Explanation: Air leakage in the condenser reduces the thermal efficiency of the steam power plant. It increases the amount of cooling water required and also increases the corrosive action in the condenser. The heat transfer rate in the condenser is reduced.

What is the efficiency of a condenser?

The thermal efficiency of a condenser is defined as the ratio of actual rise in temperature of cooling water to the maximum possible rise. ts = saturation temp., corresponding to condenser pressure (i.e., vacuum temp.) Numerical Example : Vacuum in a condenser is found to be 708.5 mm Hg .

What does a condenser do in a power plant?

A large heat exchanger designed to cool exhaust steam from a turbine below the boiling point so that it can be returned to the heat source as water. In a pressurized-water reactor, the water is returned to the steam generator.

What is the purpose of using a condenser?

The function of the condenser in a refrigeration system is to transfer heat from the refrigerant to another medium, such as air and/or water. By rejecting heat, the gaseous refrigerant condenses to liquid inside the condenser.

What is the function of condenser in power plant?

A surface condenser or steam condenser is a water-cooled shell and tube heat exchanger used to condensate the exhaust steam from the steam turbine in thermal power stations: the steam is converted from gaseous to liquid state at a pressure level below atmospheric pressure.

What is the importance of condenser?

What is the importance of condenser in power plant?

In thermal power plants, the purpose of a surface condenser is to condense the exhaust steam from a steam turbine to obtain maximum efficiency, and also to convert the turbine exhaust steam into pure water (referred to as steam condensate) so that it may be reused in the steam generator or boiler as boiler feed water.

How do you evaluate a condenser performance?

Performance of the condenser is analyzed based on logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD) method. Based on LMTD, the heat transfer equation can be expressed as in Eq. (1),(1) Q = k A ( d T m ) where k, heat transfer coefficient; A, tube surface area; Q, heat transfer rate.

What is the principle of condenser?

Principle of operation A condenser is designed to transfer heat from a working fluid (e.g. water in a steam power plant) to a secondary fluid or the surrounding air. The condenser relies on the efficient heat transfer that occurs during phase changes, in this case during the condensation of a vapor into a liquid.

How does excessive condenser scale affect system performance?

Another inherent performance issue that results from excessive condenser scale is a reduction in compressor capacity. As brake horsepower increases, compressor ratings decrease (holding suction pressure constant)

What happens when the pressure drop on a condenser increases?

Evaporating temperature and evaporating pressure increase as the pressure drop increases. It causes the decrease of refrigerant density, refrigerant mass flow rate, and refrigeration effect. The enthalpy difference across condenser and compressor, however, increase with the increasing pressure drop.

How does a dirty or blocked condenser effects system efficiency?

(Courtesy of ESCO Press.) If a condenser becomes dirty or fouled, less heat transfer can take place from the refrigerant to the surrounding ambient. Dirty or blocked condensers are one of the most frequent service problems in commercial refrigeration and summer air conditioning fields today.

How is the effect of condenser fouling evaluated?

Effect of condenser fouling is evaluated on the performance of a vapour compression system with refrigerants HFO1234yf and HFO1234ze as an alternative to HFC134a. The condenser coolant temperature has been varied between 35 and 40°C to evaluate the effect of fouling at different condenser temperatures.