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What happens when the elastic limit of a rock is surpassed?

What happens when the elastic limit of a rock is surpassed?

Rocks break and move when they are pushed beyond their elastic limit. The resulting movement sends vibrations through the ground that are felt as earthquakes (if the vibrations are large enough).

When rocks are stressed beyond their elastic limit the deformation becomes permanent?

Plastic deformation takes place when a rock, mineral, or other substance is stressed beyond its elastic limit (Fig. 1). Plastic deformation is that deformation that produces a permanent change in the shape of a solid without that solid having failed by fracturing.

What happens when elastic limit is exceeded?

When stresses up to the elastic limit are removed, the material resumes its original size and shape. Stresses beyond the elastic limit cause a material to yield or flow. For most brittle materials, stresses beyond the elastic limit result in fracture with almost no plastic deformation.

How does the elastic limit affect the experiment?

When stresses up to the elastic limit are removed, the material resumes its original size and shape. Stresses beyond the elastic limit cause a material to yield or flow. For such materials the elastic limit marks the end of elastic behaviour and the beginning of plastic behaviour.

How does stress affect the shape of rocks?

Strain – Rock Deformation in Response to Stress. It changes shape by a very small amount in response to the stress, but the deformation is not permanent. If the stress could be reversed the rock would return to its original shape.

What type of elastic deformation causes earthquakes?

This elastic rebound is what causes earthquakes. ductile deformation: Deeper than 10-20 km the enormous lithostatic stress makes it nearly impossible to produce a fracture (crack – with space between masses of rock) but the high temperature makes rock softer, less brittle, more malleable.

What is the deformation of a rock under differential stress?

elastic deformation: For small differential stresses, less than the yield strength, rock deforms like a spring. It changes shape by a very small amount in response to the stress, but the deformation is not permanent. If the stress could be reversed the rock would return to its original shape.

How many types of deformation are there in rocks?

There are three basic kinds. Rock responds to stress differently depending on the pressure and temperature (depth in Earth) and mineralogic composition of the rock. elastic deformation: For small differential stresses, less than the yield strength, rock deforms like a spring.